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lists.ipynb
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| { | |
| "nbformat": 4, | |
| "nbformat_minor": 5, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "anaconda-cloud": {}, | |
| "kernelspec": { | |
| "display_name": "Python 3", | |
| "language": "python", | |
| "name": "python3" | |
| }, | |
| "language_info": { | |
| "codemirror_mode": { | |
| "name": "ipython", | |
| "version": 3 | |
| }, | |
| "file_extension": ".py", | |
| "mimetype": "text/x-python", | |
| "name": "python", | |
| "nbconvert_exporter": "python", | |
| "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", | |
| "version": "3.7.10" | |
| }, | |
| "learntools_metadata": { | |
| "lesson_index": 3, | |
| "type": "tutorial" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "default_parameters": {}, | |
| "duration": 16.753793, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:04.347333", | |
| "environment_variables": {}, | |
| "exception": null, | |
| "input_path": "__notebook__.ipynb", | |
| "output_path": "__notebook__.ipynb", | |
| "parameters": {}, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:47.593540", | |
| "version": "2.3.3" | |
| }, | |
| "colab": { | |
| "name": "lists.ipynb", | |
| "provenance": [], | |
| "collapsed_sections": [ | |
| "efe57e38", | |
| "f353e7ca", | |
| "4cc3f92e", | |
| "a43d578b", | |
| "1ebc40dc" | |
| ], | |
| "include_colab_link": true | |
| } | |
| }, | |
| "cells": [ | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "id": "view-in-github", | |
| "colab_type": "text" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/gist/Chloe000111/02485fa3bd305325d95e077d3a884128/lists.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.043247, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.087632", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.044385", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "3ead56f4" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# Lists\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "Lists in Python represent ordered sequences of values. Here is an example of how to create them:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "3ead56f4" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": true, | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.186138Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.183999Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.190004Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.189292Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.057202, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.190173", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.132971", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "2d1f2b24" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "primes = [2, 3, 5, 7]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "2d1f2b24", | |
| "execution_count": 1, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.043179, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.276714", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.233535", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "b8019fcd" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "We can put other types of things in lists:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "b8019fcd" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": true, | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.366235Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.365578Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.368718Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.368133Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.049437, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.368858", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.319421", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "3709f7fe" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets = ['Mercury', 'Venus', 'Earth', 'Mars', 'Jupiter', 'Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Neptune']" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "3709f7fe", | |
| "execution_count": 2, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.042217, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.453449", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.411232", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "85530640" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "We can even make a list of lists:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "85530640" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": true, | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.543495Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.542885Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.545723Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.545227Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.050055, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.545851", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.495796", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "22c47f44" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "hands = [\n", | |
| " ['J', 'Q', 'K'],\n", | |
| " ['2', '2', '2'],\n", | |
| " ['6', 'A', 'K'], # (Comma after the last element is optional)\n", | |
| "]\n", | |
| "# (I could also have written this on one line, but it can get hard to read)\n", | |
| "hands = [['J', 'Q', 'K'], ['2', '2', '2'], ['6', 'A', 'K']]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "22c47f44", | |
| "execution_count": 3, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.04197, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.630484", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.588514", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "2ea21b1b" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "A list can contain a mix of different types of variables:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "2ea21b1b" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": true, | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.718191Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.717546Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.721999Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.721380Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.049351, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.722133", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.672782", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "fe2b5010" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "my_favourite_things = [32, 'raindrops on roses', help]\n", | |
| "# (Yes, Python's help function is *definitely* one of my favourite things)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "fe2b5010", | |
| "execution_count": 4, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.043855, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.808876", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.765021", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "1aeb940a" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## Indexing\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "You can access individual list elements with square brackets.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "Which planet is closest to the sun? Python uses *zero-based* indexing, so the first element has index 0." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "1aeb940a" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.897232Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.896597Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.903091Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.903691Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.05215, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.903845", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.851695", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "951b3a8e", | |
| "outputId": "dbbedc9d-1ba3-48e3-e64d-69192ff5b018", | |
| "colab": { | |
| "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", | |
| "height": 35 | |
| } | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[0]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "951b3a8e", | |
| "execution_count": 5, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "output_type": "execute_result", | |
| "data": { | |
| "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": { | |
| "type": "string" | |
| }, | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "'Mercury'" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "execution_count": 5 | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.043851, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.991805", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:55.947954", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "f9b8775b" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "What's the next closest planet?" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "f9b8775b" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.082408Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.081637Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.085954Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.086493Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.050943, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.086678", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.035735", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "6e6771de", | |
| "outputId": "c52ac874-b6b5-4d8b-d52d-c5a01ad6977c" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[1]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "6e6771de", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "'Venus'" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 6, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.043363, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.173689", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.130326", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "5b4c1a92" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "Which planet is *furthest* from the sun?\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "Elements at the end of the list can be accessed with negative numbers, starting from -1:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "5b4c1a92" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.265742Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.263106Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.268426Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.268907Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.051943, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.269067", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.217124", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "6748991f", | |
| "outputId": "c0a80875-2d61-4e82-bf8d-5177e0fcea25" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[-1]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "6748991f", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "'Neptune'" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 7, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.364493Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.363652Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.366758Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.367252Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.053186, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.367415", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.314229", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "05fbb089", | |
| "outputId": "771bf74c-723f-48e9-d3cf-1381c253ed20" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[-2]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "05fbb089", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "'Uranus'" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 8, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.044007, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.455926", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.411919", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "efe57e38" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## Slicing\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "What are the first three planets? We can answer this question using *slicing*:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "efe57e38" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.548794Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.547839Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.553332Z", | |
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| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.053649, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.553970", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.500321", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "047fcd8c", | |
| "outputId": "4c3f7f09-8331-4682-8ec4-896e7344f7f2" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[0:3]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "047fcd8c", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Mercury', 'Venus', 'Earth']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 9, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.052147, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.657864", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.605717", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "1c8e74b1" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "`planets[0:3]` is our way of asking for the elements of `planets` starting from index 0 and continuing up to *but not including* index 3.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "The starting and ending indices are both optional. If I leave out the start index, it's assumed to be 0. So I could rewrite the expression above as:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "1c8e74b1" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.757924Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.757293Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.760695Z", | |
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| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.055184, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.760828", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.705644", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "ca1614a4", | |
| "outputId": "28cc037b-401d-4e79-891e-9feec7fb14cb" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[:3]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "ca1614a4", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Mercury', 'Venus', 'Earth']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 10, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.044336, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.851263", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.806927", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "aa80ddc4" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "If I leave out the end index, it's assumed to be the length of the list." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "aa80ddc4" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.947609Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.946837Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.950495Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.949857Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.053984, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.950631", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.896647", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "9fda10c1", | |
| "outputId": "344f2b33-68ba-44ca-ce8d-bc1071bee74a" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[3:]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "9fda10c1", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Mars', 'Jupiter', 'Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Neptune']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 11, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.047881, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.045113", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:56.997232", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "63154e51" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "i.e. the expression above means \"give me all the planets from index 3 onward\".\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "We can also use negative indices when slicing:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "63154e51" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.163235Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.162599Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.164982Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.165465Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.059012, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.165628", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.106616", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "89ec9b90", | |
| "outputId": "5e63aec0-cd24-4913-d6cf-e97807633cf6" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# All the planets except the first and last\n", | |
| "planets[1:-1]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "89ec9b90", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Venus', 'Earth', 'Mars', 'Jupiter', 'Saturn', 'Uranus']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 12, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.260898Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.260308Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.264329Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.264823Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.053315, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.264975", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.211660", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "4d71ceb5", | |
| "outputId": "4091ea06-4950-4b74-877d-0e5f7470b460" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# The last 3 planets\n", | |
| "planets[-3:]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "4d71ceb5", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Neptune']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 13, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.046547, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.359069", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.312522", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "f353e7ca" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## Changing lists\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "Lists are \"mutable\", meaning they can be modified \"in place\".\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "One way to modify a list is to assign to an index or slice expression.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "For example, let's say we want to rename Mars:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "f353e7ca" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.458384Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.457598Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.461429Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.460830Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.055605, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.461555", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.405950", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "19476f5e", | |
| "outputId": "59c5ed50-180a-417e-a23a-5f8c017db509" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[3] = 'Malacandra'\n", | |
| "planets" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "19476f5e", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Mercury',\n", | |
| " 'Venus',\n", | |
| " 'Earth',\n", | |
| " 'Malacandra',\n", | |
| " 'Jupiter',\n", | |
| " 'Saturn',\n", | |
| " 'Uranus',\n", | |
| " 'Neptune']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 14, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.06136, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.572026", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.510666", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "59a1059c" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "Hm, that's quite a mouthful. Let's compensate by shortening the names of the first 3 planets." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "59a1059c" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.681069Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.680437Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.683014Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.683506Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.056358, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.683682", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.627324", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "e50d84d0", | |
| "outputId": "f9187210-7662-4fed-dcb1-a37771deac67" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets[:3] = ['Mur', 'Vee', 'Ur']\n", | |
| "print(planets)\n", | |
| "# That was silly. Let's give them back their old names\n", | |
| "planets[:4] = ['Mercury', 'Venus', 'Earth', 'Mars',]" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "e50d84d0", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "['Mur', 'Vee', 'Ur', 'Malacandra', 'Jupiter', 'Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Neptune']\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.047336, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.778820", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.731484", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "4cc3f92e" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## List functions\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "Python has several useful functions for working with lists.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "`len` gives the length of a list:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "4cc3f92e" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.877349Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.876732Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.881215Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.881693Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.055133, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.881854", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.826721", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "607c61da", | |
| "outputId": "b30c68be-ccc4-4b3b-e608-15168c9c7e85" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# How many planets are there?\n", | |
| "len(planets)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "607c61da", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "8" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 16, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.048549, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.979193", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:57.930644", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "02ec6728" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "`sorted` returns a sorted version of a list:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "02ec6728" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.082514Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.081831Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.084416Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.084920Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.056527, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.085087", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.028560", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "7d6799c9", | |
| "outputId": "03926b64-293c-4d1d-e7a5-4f8f34a8e436" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# The planets sorted in alphabetical order\n", | |
| "sorted(planets)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "7d6799c9", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Earth', 'Jupiter', 'Mars', 'Mercury', 'Neptune', 'Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Venus']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 17, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.049118, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.183933", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.134815", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "5e78bd8f" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "`sum` does what you might expect:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "5e78bd8f" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.285817Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.285239Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.289608Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.290057Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.056694, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.290235", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.233541", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "688a9b44", | |
| "outputId": "226442e7-0fe9-452f-fff5-e36330da717e" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "primes = [2, 3, 5, 7]\n", | |
| "sum(primes)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "688a9b44", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "17" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 18, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.048947, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.389466", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.340519", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "356e806c" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "We've previously used the `min` and `max` to get the minimum or maximum of several arguments. But we can also pass in a single list argument." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "356e806c" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.492613Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.491962Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.494374Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.494848Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.056528, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.495001", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.438473", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "d0d0f4fb", | |
| "outputId": "690bba18-eefc-469c-d55a-20a30e1e3b16" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "max(primes)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "d0d0f4fb", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "7" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 19, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.054622, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.599189", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.544567", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "a43d578b" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## Interlude: objects\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "I've used the term 'object' a lot so far - you may have even read that *everything* in Python is an object. What does that mean?\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "In short, objects carry some things around with them. You access that stuff using Python's dot syntax.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "For example, numbers in Python carry around an associated variable called `imag` representing their imaginary part. (You'll probably never need to use this unless you're doing some very weird math.)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "a43d578b" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.722132Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.721390Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.724043Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.724607Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.062488, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.724791", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.662303", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "83252b0d", | |
| "outputId": "42ce8dbd-f55a-4574-a142-33b2bec46457" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "x = 12\n", | |
| "# x is a real number, so its imaginary part is 0.\n", | |
| "print(x.imag)\n", | |
| "# Here's how to make a complex number, in case you've ever been curious:\n", | |
| "c = 12 + 3j\n", | |
| "print(c.imag)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "83252b0d", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "0\n", | |
| "3.0\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.050213, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.825694", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.775481", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "7eaaf920" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "The things an object carries around can also include functions. A function attached to an object is called a **method**. (Non-function things attached to an object, such as `imag`, are called *attributes*).\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "For example, numbers have a method called `bit_length`. Again, we access it using dot syntax:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "7eaaf920" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.929121Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.928510Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.933630Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.934108Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.058341, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.934289", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.875948", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "8d30767c", | |
| "outputId": "3ed0744f-1cd7-430c-dfe8-c0811a15f4a8" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "x.bit_length" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "8d30767c", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "<function int.bit_length()>" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 21, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.050257, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.035290", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:58.985033", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "68d9172a" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "To actually call it, we add parentheses:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "68d9172a" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.141663Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.140246Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.146119Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.146630Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.060253, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.146794", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.086541", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "ce96a14a", | |
| "outputId": "c0c5c7bc-a5f0-40dc-9ce7-8526b6daa30c" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "x.bit_length()" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "ce96a14a", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "4" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 22, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.050933, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.248885", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.197952", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "833b1bfe" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "> **Aside:** You've actually been calling methods already if you've been doing the exercises. In the exercise notebooks `q1`, `q2`, `q3`, etc. are all objects which have methods called `check`, `hint`, and `solution`.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "In the same way that we can pass functions to the `help` function (e.g. `help(max)`), we can also pass in methods:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "833b1bfe" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.356948Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.356293Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.358900Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.359413Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.059496, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.359578", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.300082", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "c6db64a7", | |
| "outputId": "19bdaab1-59d7-4b4f-b532-329d4bd34010" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "help(x.bit_length)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "c6db64a7", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "Help on built-in function bit_length:\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "bit_length() method of builtins.int instance\n", | |
| " Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.\n", | |
| " \n", | |
| " >>> bin(37)\n", | |
| " '0b100101'\n", | |
| " >>> (37).bit_length()\n", | |
| " 6\n", | |
| "\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.051069, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.462477", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.411408", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "83c60337" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "<!-- TODO:\n", | |
| "dir?\n", | |
| "A useful builtin method for interacting with objects is `dir`. `dir` asks: what are the names of all the things (methods, and attributes) that this object is carrying around?\n", | |
| "help(x)?\n", | |
| "-->\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "The examples above were utterly obscure. None of the types of objects we've looked at so far (numbers, functions, booleans) have attributes or methods you're likely ever to use.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "But it turns out that lists have several methods which you'll use all the time." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "83c60337" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.051403, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.565285", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.513882", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "e1dd9838" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## List methods" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "e1dd9838" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.052081, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.669521", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.617440", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "bb67e0c7" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "`list.append` modifies a list by adding an item to the end:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "bb67e0c7" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": true, | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.774977Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.774404Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.777859Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.778364Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.057663, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.778528", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.720865", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "91d3c86d" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# Pluto is a planet darn it!\n", | |
| "planets.append('Pluto')" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "91d3c86d", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.05111, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.881681", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.830571", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "d90cdde4" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "Why does the cell above have no output? Let's check the documentation by calling `help(planets.append)`.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "> **Aside:** `append` is a method carried around by *all* objects of type list, not just `planets`, so we also could have called `help(list.append)`. However, if we try to call `help(append)`, Python will complain that no variable exists called \"append\". The \"append\" name only exists within lists - it doesn't exist as a standalone name like builtin functions such as `max` or `len`." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "d90cdde4" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.990700Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.990005Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.993660Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.993181Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.060862, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.993796", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:56:59.932934", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "56bd4dc9", | |
| "outputId": "f7b49918-8c06-4d35-e423-4d005b18f3f4" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "help(planets.append)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "56bd4dc9", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "Help on built-in function append:\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "append(object, /) method of builtins.list instance\n", | |
| " Append object to the end of the list.\n", | |
| "\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.051991, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.098208", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.046217", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "ba257a7a" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "The `-> None` part is telling us that `list.append` doesn't return anything. But if we check the value of `planets`, we can see that the method call modified the value of `planets`:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "ba257a7a" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.207235Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.206604Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.209375Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.209869Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.059574, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.210038", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.150464", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "a9c00bab", | |
| "outputId": "c5fddc96-264b-4bcf-fbee-e28043825a48" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "a9c00bab", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Mercury',\n", | |
| " 'Venus',\n", | |
| " 'Earth',\n", | |
| " 'Mars',\n", | |
| " 'Jupiter',\n", | |
| " 'Saturn',\n", | |
| " 'Uranus',\n", | |
| " 'Neptune',\n", | |
| " 'Pluto']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 26, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.052199, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.314108", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.261909", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "c2871951" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "`list.pop` removes and returns the last element of a list:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "c2871951" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.423451Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.422809Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.427814Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.427273Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.06049, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.427964", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.367474", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "c07fc27b", | |
| "outputId": "368ec503-1e2a-4416-b3ed-f7391002f325", | |
| "colab": { | |
| "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", | |
| "height": 35 | |
| } | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets.pop()" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "c07fc27b", | |
| "execution_count": 6, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "output_type": "execute_result", | |
| "data": { | |
| "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": { | |
| "type": "string" | |
| }, | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "'Neptune'" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "execution_count": 6 | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.541085Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.539032Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.543332Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.543776Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.060937, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.543946", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.483009", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "4689b965", | |
| "outputId": "0001f964-d562-49af-b8ea-2f1234f9f0aa", | |
| "colab": { | |
| "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/" | |
| } | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "4689b965", | |
| "execution_count": 9, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "output_type": "execute_result", | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "['Mercury', 'Venus', 'Earth', 'Mars', 'Jupiter', 'Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Neptune']" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "execution_count": 9 | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "id": "3zsSJVNdyhTg" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets.append('Neptune')" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "3zsSJVNdyhTg", | |
| "execution_count": 8, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.053717, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.651342", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.597625", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "3e34e130" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "### Searching lists\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "Where does Earth fall in the order of planets? We can get its index using the `list.index` method." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "3e34e130" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.761361Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.760768Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.765082Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.765574Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.060899, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.765747", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.704848", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "f4b9c8bf", | |
| "outputId": "3ba5a67d-e9c1-41cb-d89f-e8f32a27bc27" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets.index('Earth')" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "f4b9c8bf", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "2" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 29, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.054054, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.874728", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.820674", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "af799a03" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "It comes third (i.e. at index 2 - 0 indexing!).\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "At what index does Pluto occur?" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "af799a03" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.987881Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.987265Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.051437Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.050868Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.122211, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.051585", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:00.929374", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [ | |
| "raises-exception" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "12568c4f", | |
| "outputId": "294309e9-2804-4206-cabf-fa88d4d52f95" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "planets.index('Pluto')" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "12568c4f", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "ename": "ValueError", | |
| "evalue": "'Pluto' is not in list", | |
| "output_type": "error", | |
| "traceback": [ | |
| "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", | |
| "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", | |
| "\u001b[0;32m/tmp/ipykernel_20/2263615293.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mplanets\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mindex\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'Pluto'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", | |
| "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m: 'Pluto' is not in list" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.054313, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.160706", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.106393", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "c36a416c" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "Oh, that's right...\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "To avoid unpleasant surprises like this, we can use the `in` operator to determine whether a list contains a particular value:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "c36a416c" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.275719Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.275053Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.278627Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.278080Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.063117, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.278763", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.215646", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "e4f30720", | |
| "outputId": "b2381d1b-b3d8-45b4-adb6-7e85417bd8f0" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# Is Earth a planet?\n", | |
| "\"Earth\" in planets" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "e4f30720", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "True" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 31, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.393591Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.392660Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.396968Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.397490Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.063815, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.397651", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.333836", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "927aa0cb", | |
| "outputId": "ff720818-714a-465a-c3a9-05456d112eef" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# Is Calbefraques a planet?\n", | |
| "\"Calbefraques\" in planets" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "927aa0cb", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "False" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 32, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.055218, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.509004", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.453786", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "6f6a57a4" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "There are a few more interesting list methods we haven't covered. If you want to learn about all the methods and attributes attached to a particular object, we can call `help()` on the object itself. For example, `help(planets)` will tell us about *all* the list methods: " | |
| ], | |
| "id": "6f6a57a4" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "_kg_hide-output": true, | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.623822Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.623203Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.640891Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.641399Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.076609, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.641568", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.564959", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "a97b77c3" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "help(planets)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "a97b77c3", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.055862, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.753429", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.697567", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "1458a239" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "Click the \"output\" button to see the full help page. Lists have lots of methods with weird-looking names like `__eq__` and `__iadd__`. Don't worry too much about these for now. (You'll probably never call such methods directly. But they get called behind the scenes when we use syntax like indexing or comparison operators.) The most interesting methods are toward the bottom of the list (`append`, `clear`, `copy`, etc.)." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "1458a239" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.056487, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.865655", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.809168", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "1ebc40dc" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## Tuples\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "Tuples are almost exactly the same as lists. They differ in just two ways.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "**1:** The syntax for creating them uses parentheses instead of square brackets" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "1ebc40dc" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.981082Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.980424Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.983231Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.983662Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.061811, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.983824", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:01.922013", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "c86bb04d" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "t = (1, 2, 3)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "c86bb04d", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.100218Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.099596Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.104029Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.104512Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.064198, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.104692", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.040494", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "67e379b6", | |
| "outputId": "9fd01c6a-ed94-4243-dada-ec7551de93f1" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "t = 1, 2, 3 # equivalent to above\n", | |
| "t" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "67e379b6", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "(1, 2, 3)" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 35, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.056419, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.217806", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.161387", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "c3be469d" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "**2:** They cannot be modified (they are *immutable*)." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "c3be469d" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.345641Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.335962Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.348951Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.349514Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.074863, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.349696", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.274833", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [ | |
| "raises-exception" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "add44c0a", | |
| "outputId": "090418d5-de50-4706-af8f-87be9fa03ec6" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "t[0] = 100" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "add44c0a", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "ename": "TypeError", | |
| "evalue": "'tuple' object does not support item assignment", | |
| "output_type": "error", | |
| "traceback": [ | |
| "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", | |
| "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", | |
| "\u001b[0;32m/tmp/ipykernel_20/816329950.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mt\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m100\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", | |
| "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.057336, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.464445", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.407109", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "a7392131" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "Tuples are often used for functions that have multiple return values.\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "For example, the ``as_integer_ratio()`` method of float objects returns a numerator and a denominator in the form of a tuple:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "a7392131" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.582559Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.581613Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.586774Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.587354Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.065784, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.587511", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.521727", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "1fad55f0", | |
| "outputId": "47f5629f-ce6d-4a2e-aaad-0efb334a5e1d" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "x = 0.125\n", | |
| "x.as_integer_ratio()" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "1fad55f0", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "(1, 8)" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "execution_count": 37, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "execute_result" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.057051, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.701132", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.644081", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "ab4d9f27" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "These multiple return values can be individually assigned as follows:" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "ab4d9f27" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.820124Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.819253Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.824373Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.824839Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.066432, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.824998", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.758566", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "e81dcaf7", | |
| "outputId": "c2bf29dc-81df-4315-8f38-6d5875e8c668" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "numerator, denominator = x.as_integer_ratio()\n", | |
| "print(numerator / denominator)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "e81dcaf7", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "0.125\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.057011, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.940010", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.882999", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "96eaec9e" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "Finally we have some insight into the classic Stupid Python Trick™ for swapping two variables!" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "96eaec9e" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "execution": { | |
| "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-13T19:57:03.058500Z", | |
| "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-13T19:57:03.057844Z", | |
| "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-13T19:57:03.063358Z", | |
| "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-13T19:57:03.062747Z" | |
| }, | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.066153, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:03.063495", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:02.997342", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "1c55a448", | |
| "outputId": "49e128c5-02a8-486d-c4a1-b71d9edfcb02" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "a = 1\n", | |
| "b = 0\n", | |
| "a, b = b, a\n", | |
| "print(a, b)" | |
| ], | |
| "id": "1c55a448", | |
| "execution_count": null, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "0 1\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "papermill": { | |
| "duration": 0.05828, | |
| "end_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:03.180607", | |
| "exception": false, | |
| "start_time": "2021-09-13T19:57:03.122327", | |
| "status": "completed" | |
| }, | |
| "tags": [], | |
| "id": "9075c08a" | |
| }, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "# Your Turn\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "You learn best by writing code, not just reading it. So try **[the coding challenge](https://www.kaggle.com/kernels/fork/1275173)** now." | |
| ], | |
| "id": "9075c08a" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| } |
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