TF_Intro

Terraform_Intro.md

Introduction to Terraform

Terraform Block

# Configure the Azure provider

terraform {
  required_providers {
    azurerm = {
      source  = "hashicorp/azurerm"
      version = "~> 2.65"
    }
  }

  required_version = ">= 0.14.9"
}

provider "azurerm" {
  features {}
}

resource "azurerm_resource_group" "rg" {
  name     = "myTFResourceGroup"
  location = "westus2"
}

• The Terraform block contains Terraform settings, including the required providers Terraform will use to provision your infrastructure.

For each provider, the Source attribute defines:

• Optional Hostname
• Namespace
• Provider Type

• Terraform installs providers from the Terraform Registry by default.

  • In the above example config, the azurem provider's source is defined as hashicorp/azurem, which is shorthand for registry.terraform.io/hashicorp/azurem.

• A version constraint can also be defined for each provider in required_providers block.

• The version attribute is optional, but is recommended to enforce the provider version. If it is not included, the Terraform will automatically use the latest version of the provider, which may cause breaking changes.

---

Providers

• The provider block configs the specified provider, in this example azurerm.
• A provider is a plugin that Terraform uses to create and manage your resources.
• You can define multiple provider blocks in a TF config to manage resources from diff providers.

---

Resources

• Use resource blocks to define components of your infrastructure. A resource might be a physical component such as a server, or it can be a logical resource such as a Heroku application.

• Resource blocks have 2 strings before the block:

  • Resource Type
  • Resource Name

• In this example, the resource type is azurerm_resource_group and the resource name is rg.

• The prefix of the type maps to the name of the provider. In this example, TF manages azurerm_resource_group resource with the azurerm provider.

• Together, the resource type and resource name form a unique ID for the resource.

  • EX: Network ID would be - azurerm_resource_group.rg

• Resource blocks contain arguments which you use to config the resource. The Azure provider docs document supported resources and their config options, including azurerm_resource_grou and its supporting arguments.

---

Initialize your Terraform Configuration

• Initialize your learn-terraform-init directory in your terminal. The terraform command will work with any OS.
• Your output should look similar to this:

$ terraform init
Initializing the backend...

Initializing provider plugins...
- Finding hashicorp/azurerm versions matching "~> 2.65.*"...
- Installing hashicorp/azurerm v2.65.0...
- Installed hashicorp/azurerm v2.65.0 (signed by HashiCorp)

Terraform has been successfully initialized!

You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running "terraform plan" to see
any changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commands
should now work.

If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform,
rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, other
commands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary.

Format and Validate the Config

• The terraform fmt command automatically updates configurations in the current directory for readability and consistency. This helps keep formatting consistent in all of your config files/
• Terraform will print out the names of the files it modified when formatting