Skip to content

Instantly share code, notes, and snippets.

@RajaniCode

RajaniCode/Shell

Created June 23, 2025 15:17
Show Gist options
  • Save RajaniCode/ace081bd1e6ba99b246ff2cf9ea9cf8b to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
Save RajaniCode/ace081bd1e6ba99b246ff2cf9ea9cf8b to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
Download ZIP
Shell
Raw
Shell
###########################################################################################################################
# touch # cat # tee # tac # sed # echo
###########################################################################################################################
# mkdir -p "A/B"
% touch File.txt
% touch "A/B/File.txt"
% mkdir -p "A/B" && touch A/B/File.txt
% cat File.txt
% cat "A/B/File.txt"
% mkdir -p "A/B" && cat > A/B/px-mongo-sc.yaml << EOF
kind: StorageClass
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: px-ha-sc
provisioner: kubernetes.io/portworx-volume
parameters:
repl: "3"
io_profile: "db_remote"
priority_io: "high"
fs: "xfs"
EOF
# NB # cat # \$ # \`
% mkdir -p "A/B" && cat > A/B/index.js << EOF
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.send("Node.js Version: " + process.version + "\n");
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(\`Server started on port \${port}\`);
});
EOF
# NB # cat # \$ # \`
% mkdir -p "A/B" && cat << EOF > A/B/index.js
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.send("Node.js Version: " + process.version + "\n");
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(\`Server started on port \${port}\`);
});
EOF
# NB # cat # \$ # \`
% mkdir -p "A/B" && cat << EOF | tee A/B/index.js
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.send("Node.js Version: " + process.version + "\n");
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(\`Server started on port \${port}\`);
});
EOF
# NB # echo # Single Quotes
% echo 'Hello, World!' > source.txt
% echo 'Hello World!' >> source.txt
% cat source.txt > destination.txt
% cat source.txt >> destination.txt
% cat source.txt destination.txt > destination2.txt
% cat source.txt > destination.txt > destination2.txt
% cat > file.txt << EOF
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
EOF
% cat file.txt | more
% cat file.txt | less
% cat -v file.txt | sort
% cat -v file.txt | sort -r
% cat -n file.txt
% cat -n file.txt | tail -1
% cat file.txt | wc -l
% tac file.txt
[
% mkdir -p macOSAArch64/Scala
% cd macOSAArch64/Scala
% echo 'object method { def main(args: Array[String]) = { println("Main Method Scala Version Number String: " + util.Properties.versionNumberString) } }' > program.scala
]
% mkdir -p "macOSAArch64/Scala" && cat > macOSAArch64/Scala/program.scala << EOF
object method { def main(args: Array[String]) = { println("Main Method Scala Version Number String: " + util.Properties.versionNumberString) } }
EOF
[
% mkdir -p macOSAArch64/Scala3
% echo '@main def method() = println("Main Method Scala Version Number String: " + util.Properties.versionNumberString)' > program.scala
]
% mkdir -p "macOSAArch64/Scala3" && cat > macOSAArch64/Scala3/program.scala << EOF
@main def method() = println("Main Method Scala Version Number String: " + util.Properties.versionNumberString)
EOF
% man cat
% man cd
% export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
# Or
% export LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
% man cd > mancd
% cat mancd
% sort file.txt
% sort -r file.txt
% wc -l file.txt
# Delete last line of file
% cat file.txt
% sed -i '' '$d' file.txt
% cat file.txt
% sed -n '=' file.txt
% sed -n '$=' file.txt
% awk 'END { print NR }' file.txt
% grep -c ".*" file.txt
% grep -c \^ file.txt
% grep -Hc ".*" file.txt
% nl file.txt
% nl file.txt | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'
% perl -lne 'END { print $. }' file.txt
# scp – OpenSSH secure file copy
% man scp
% tail File.txt
% tail -r File.txt
# tail -f # log
% tail -f /Library/Logs/Multipass/multipassd.log
# Clear contents of file
% echo -n > file.txt
% stat
% mkdir -p "A/B" && stat "A/B"
% stat File.txt
% ipconfig getifaddr en0
% ifconfig | grep inet
% ifconfig | grep inet | grep 192.168
% ipconfig getifaddr en0 | tee >> A/B/t.txt
% ls | tee >> A/B/t.txt
% cat A/B/t.txt
% dotnet --version | tee > A/B/d.txt
% mkdir -p "A/B" && dotnet --version | tee > A/B/d.txt
% cat A/B/d.txt
# For the given executable
[
% mono | tee t.txt
]
% echo $0
$ echo $0
# printf # echo
Alpha
&& Beta
!
% printf "Alpha\n&& Beta\n\!\n"
$ printf "Alpha\n&& Beta\n!"
% echo "Alpha\n&& Beta\n\!"
$ echo -e "Alpha\n&& Beta\n!"
> (echo Hello && echo ^&^& World && echo !)
% clear
$ clear
> cls
# arguments.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "First argument: $1"
echo "Second argument: $2"
# arguments.bat
REM Batch Script
@echo off
@echo First argument: %1
@echo Second argument: %2
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# vim
###########################################################################################################################
# Insert Mode
Esc
i
# Write and Quit
Esc
:wq
# Quit Without Writing
Esc
:q!
# Empty File
Esc
gg [This will take the cursor to the first line of the file.]
d+g [Keep pressing the keys till the last line is reached.]
# Undo
Esc
u
# Redo
Ctrl+R
# Copy Paste from Clipboard
Esc
i
Shift+Insert or Click the mouse middle button (usually the wheel) or Press Ctrl + Shift + V to Paste [Check if the first line is pasted correctly.]
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# nano
###########################################################################################################################
# nano Save
% nano Text.txt
<control + X>
<Y>
<return>
# nano WriteOut
% nano Text.txt
<control + O>
# File Name
<return>
<control + X>
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# chmod # chown
###########################################################################################################################
***************************************************************************************************************************
# chmod
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Grant permission for the file to run as an executable
$ sudo chmod +x ./dotnet-install.sh
$ sudo chmod 755 gradlew*
[
$ ./dotnet-install.sh
$ sh dotnet-install.sh
$ bash dotnet-install.sh
]
***************************************************************************************************************************
# chown
***************************************************************************************************************************
[
# Add the Microsoft repository to the system's sources list
wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/$ID/$VERSION_ID/prod.list
sudo mv prod.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft-prod.list
]
# Set ownership
$ sudo chown root:root /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft.asc.gpg
$ sudo chown root:root /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft-prod.list
$ sudo chown -R vagrant:vagrant MongoDB_Spark_Course
***************************************************************************************************************************
# chmod # Change file modes or Access Control Lists
***************************************************************************************************************************
===========================================================================================================================
# The chmod utility modifies the file mode bits of the listed files as specified by the mode operand.
# It may also be used to modify the Access Control Lists (ACLs) associated with the listed files.
===========================================================================================================================
# MODES # Modes may be absolute or symbolic
===========================================================================================================================
# An absolute mode is an octal number constructed from the sum of one or more of the following values
===========================================================================================================================
4000 (the setuid bit). Executable files with this bit set will run with effective uid set to the uid of the file owner.
Directories with this bit set will force all files and sub-directories created in them to be owned by the directory
owner and not by the uid of the creating process, if the underlying file system supports this feature: see chmod(2) and
the suiddir option to mount(8).
2000 (the setgid bit). Executable files with this bit set will run with effective gid set to the gid of the file owner.
1000 (the sticky bit). See chmod(2) and sticky(7).
0400 Allow read by owner.
0200 Allow write by owner.
0100 For files, allow execution by owner. For directories, allow the owner to search in the directory.
0040 Allow read by group members.
0020 Allow write by group members.
0010 For files, allow execution by group members. For directories, allow group members to search in the directory.
0004 Allow read by others.
0002 Allow write by others.
0001 For files, allow execution by others. For directories allow others to search in the directory.
===========================================================================================================================
# SAMPLE VALID MODES
===========================================================================================================================
644 make a file readable by anyone and writable by the owner only.
go-w deny write permission to group and others.
=rw,+X set the read and write permissions to the usual defaults, but retain any execute permissions that are currently set.
+X make a directory or file searchable/executable by everyone if it is already searchable/executable by anyone.
755
u=rwx,go=rx
u=rwx,go=u-w make a file readable/executable by everyone and writable by the owner only.
go= clear all mode bits for group and others.
g=u-w set the group bits equal to the user bits, but clear the group write bit.
===========================================================================================================================
# Change file permissions # chmod 755 <file or folder> # read, write, and execute
% chmod 755 Program.exe
% chmod 755 $HOME/Desktop/Working/Java/JavaCS/Generics
% chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx public/images
% chmod 777 public/images
===========================================================================================================================
# chmod 775 vs. chmod 755
# chmod 775
# Only the group to which the current user belongs can [write]
# Anyone can [modify/overwrite] including the ones they didn't create as long as the owner is one of their group members
# chmod 755
# Only the owner can [write]
# Anyone can [read/execute]
# chmod 777 vs. chmod 755
# chmod 777
# Anyone can [read/write/execute] (execute on a directory means running 'ls' to list directory contents)
# Should be used on a file only for debugging
# chmod 755 is more secure than chmod 775 which in turn is more secure than chmod 777
# chmod 664 vs. chmod 644
# chmod 664
# Only owner/group members can [write] others can only [read]
# No one can [execute]
# chmod 644
# Only the owner can [write] others can only [read]
# No one can [execute]
===========================================================================================================================
Permission Binary value Decimal value
===========================================================================================================================
No permission (—) 000 0
Execute only (–x) 001 1
Write only (-w-) 010 2
Read only (r–) 100 4
Write and execute (-wx) 011 3
Read and execute (r-x) 101 5
Read and write (rw-) 110 6
Read, write, and execute (rwx) 111 7
===========================================================================================================================
***************************************************************************************************************************
# chown # Change file owner and group
***************************************************************************************************************************
# The chown utility changes the user ID and/or the group ID of the specified files.
# Symbolic links named by arguments are silently left unchanged unless -h is used.
# Change directory ownership # chown -R $[username]:[username] [directorypath]
% chown -R $USER $HOME/Desktop/Folder
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Revoke chmod 755
***************************************************************************************************************************
# To remove execute permissions from "others":
$ chmod o-x <file>
# To remove write permissions:
$ chmod a-w <file>
To remove read permissions:
$ chmod a-r <file>
# Or, use a specific number viz. 644, to remove execute permissions for everyone but the owner:
$ chmod 644 <file>
# chmod 755 grants the owner (user) read, write, and execute permissions (7), and the group and others read and execute permissions (5).
# The numbers represent permissions: 7 (read, write, execute), 5 (read, execute), 4 (read), 2 (write), 1 (execute), and 0 (no permission).
# Removing specific permissions
# Removing execute permission for others:
$ chmod o-x <file> # o for others, -x for removing execute.
# Removing write permission for all:
$ chmod a-w <file> # a for all, -w for removing write).
# Removing read permission for all:
$ chmod a-r <file> # a for all, -r for removing read).
# Using specific numbers
$ chmod 644 <file> # Sets permissions to read and write for the owner, and only read for the group and others, revoking the execute permission for all but the owner.
$ chmod 600 <file> # Sets permissions to read and write for the owner, and no permissions for the group and others.
$ chmod 700 <file> # Sets permissions to read, write, and execute for the owner, and no permissions for the group and others.
# Reverting to defaults
# Default permissions can be reverted for a directory using umask or by setting specific permissions.
# However, there isn't a single command to undo chmod 755 in all cases as it depends on the situation.
# To revert to the system's default file creation permissions, adjust the umask setting.
# To remove the execute permission, for a file, for everyone:
$ chmod a-x <file>
# This would change the permissions from rwxr-xr-x (755) to rw-r--r-- (644).
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Revoke chmod 775
***************************************************************************************************************************
# chmod 775 grants read, write, and execute permissions to the owner and group, and read and execute permissions to others.
# To revoke this, remove those permissions, by setting them to something more restrictive, like 644 or 755.
# chmod 644 to remove write and execute for the group and others.
# chmod 755 to remove write permission for the group and others.
# First 7 represents the owner's permissions (read, write, execute).
# Second 7 represents the group's permissions (read, write, execute).
# Third 5 represents the other users' permissions (read, execute).
# Reverting permissions
$ chmod 644 <file> # Changes the permissions to read and write for the owner, and read-only for the group and others, revoking the execute permission for all users.
$ chmod 755 <file> # Retains execute permission for the owner and others, but revokes write permission for the group and others.
$ chmod 600 <file> # Most restrictive and revokes all permissions for the group and others, only allowing the owner to read and write.
# Recursive changes
# To apply these changes to a directory and all its contents, use the -R option with chmod:
$ chmod -R 644 <directory>
# NB
# Before using chmod -R, verify the current permissions using ls -l.
# To revoke the write permission, for a file, for the group and others:
$ chmod 755 <file>
# To revoke write and execute for all users, including the owner:
$ chmod 600 <file>
# To apply these changes recursively to a directory:
$ chmod -R 644 <directory>
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Revoke chmod 777
***************************************************************************************************************************
# For chmod 777, typically using chmod 755 or a similar configuration, change the permissions back to a more secure setting.
# The 777 permission means all users have read, write, and execute permissions, which is a significant security risk.
# Restoring permissions to 755 (or 644 for files) is a common way to tighten security.
# chmod 777 grants read, write, and execute permissions to the owner, group, and others (all users).
# This is generally a bad idea for security reasons, as it allows anyone to modify or even delete critical files.
# For any change on a specific directory or files:
# Use the same chmod command with the correct path.
# To change the permissions of the /home/user/documents directory back to the more secure 755:
$ chmod 755 /home/user/documents
# To recursively change permissions for all files and subdirectories within a directory, use the -R option:
$ chmod -R 755 /path/to/directory.
# Recommended permissions
# For directories: 755 (owner: read, write, execute; group: read, execute; others: read, execute).
# For files: 644 (owner: read, write; group: read; others: read).
# For temporary files/directories: 1777 (sticky bit, restricts deletion to the owner).
# To restore the permissions of the home directory and its contents to a more secure state, use the following commands (assuming the home directory is /home/user):
$ chmod 755 /home/user # Change permissions for the home directory itself.
$ chmod -R 755 /home/user # Recursively change permissions for all files and subdirectories within the home directory.
***************************************************************************************************************************
# umask
***************************************************************************************************************************
# The umask (user file-creation mode mask) command determines the default permissions for newly created files and directories.
# It acts as a filter, subtracting permissions from the default file and directory creation modes.
# Essentially, it controls which permissions are not granted to newly created files and directories.
# Default permissions
# Files are typically created with default permissions of 666 (rw-rw-rw-), and directories with 777 (rwxrwxrwx).
# The umask value
# An octal number, specifies which permissions should be masked or removed from these default permissions.
# A umask of 022 would result in files being created with 644 (rw-r--r--) and directories with 755 (rwxr-xr-x).
# Octal representation
# The umask value is typically represented as a three or four-digit octal number.
# The first digit often relates to special permissions, while the remaining digits specify permissions for the user, group, and others, respectively.
# The umask command
# The command umask (without any arguments) displays the current umask value:
$ umask
# The umask value can be changed using the umask command followed by the desired octal value:
$ umask <octal> # $ umask 077 # Restrict permissions further.
# To prevent others from writing to newly created files and directories, set a umask of 022 (or 0022).
# Meaning newly created files will have permissions of 666 (rw-rw-rw-) – (022) = 644 (rw-r--r--).
# And newly created directories will have permissions of 777 (rwxrwxrwx) – (022) = 755 (rwxr-xr-x).
***************************************************************************************************************************
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# curl # wget
###########################################################################################################################
***************************************************************************************************************************
# curl # wget # https
***************************************************************************************************************************
# curl: (60) SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate
# More details here: https://curl.se/docs/sslcerts.html
# -k
% curl -k https://localhost:44303/
# ERROR: cannot verify localhost's certificate, issued by ‘CN=localhost’:
# Self-signed certificate encountered.
# To connect to localhost insecurely, use `--no-check-certificate'.
# --no-check-certificate
% wget -S -O - https://localhost:44303/ --no-check-certificate
***************************************************************************************************************************
# curl # wget # http
***************************************************************************************************************************
% curl http://localhost:5015/
% wget -S -O - http://localhost:5015/
[
% python3 manage.py runserver
]
# Redirect
% curl -L http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
% wget -S -O - http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
***************************************************************************************************************************
# curl
***************************************************************************************************************************
% curl -L -o swift-wasm-5.10.0-RELEASE-macos_arm64.pkg https://github.com/swiftwasm/swift/releases/download/swift-wasm-5.10.0-RELEASE/swift-wasm-5.10.0-RELEASE-macos_arm64.pkg
# --location # Or -L
% curl --location https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube-site-examples/ingress-example.yaml
% curl -L https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube-site-examples/ingress-example.yaml
# -o # <Name>
% curl -o Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4"
# -O # Rename
% curl -O "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4"; mv 9950313 Node.png
# --output # <Name>
% curl --output Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4"
# -o # <Name>
% curl -o Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4"
# --create-dirs --output-dir
% curl --output Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4" --create-dirs --output-dir public/images
# -H
% curl -H 'Host: www.example.com' http://93.184.216.34
# bash
% curl https://wasmtime.dev/install.sh -sSf | bash
% curl -o install.sh https://wasmtime.dev/install.sh -sSf; sudo chmod +x ./install.sh; ./install.sh
***************************************************************************************************************************
# wget
***************************************************************************************************************************
% wget https://github.com/swiftwasm/swift/releases/download/swift-wasm-5.10.0-RELEASE/swift-wasm-5.10.0-RELEASE-macos_arm64.pkg
# --directory-prefix # Or # -P
% wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tachyons-css/tachyons/master/css/tachyons.min.css --directory-prefix=public
% wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tachyons-css/tachyons/master/css/tachyons.min.css --directory-prefix="public"
% wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tachyons-css/tachyons/master/css/tachyons.min.css --directory-prefix="$HOME/Kubernetes/minikube/node-mongodb-app/public"
% wget "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4" --directory-prefix="public/images"
% wget "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4" -P "public/images"
# --output-document # Or # -O
% wget --output-document=Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4"
% wget -O Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4"
# --output # And # && mv
# Instead of
# --output # And # --directory-prefix
% wget --output-document=Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4" && mv Node.png "public/images"
% wget -O Node.png "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9950313?s=48&v=4" && mv Node.png "public/images"
# bash
% wget -O - https://wasmtime.dev/install.sh | bash
% wget https://wasmtime.dev/install.sh -v -O install.sh; sudo chmod +x ./install.sh; ./install.sh
***************************************************************************************************************************
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# nslookup # dig # ifconfig # scutil # dns-sd # dscacheutil # dns-sd # host
###########################################################################################################################
[
% open https://www.nslookup.io/domains/example.com/webservers/
% open https://www.nslookup.io/domains/www.example.com/webservers/
]
# nslookup # query Internet name servers interactively
% nslookup example.com
% nslookup www.example.com
[
% curl -s checkip.dyndns.org | sed -e 's/.*Current IP Address: //' -e 's/<.*$//'
% curl -s http://checkip.dyndns.org
]
# dig # DNS lookup utility
% dig +short example.com
% dig +short www.example.com
% dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com
% open https://www.whatismybrowser.com
% open https://www.whois.com/whois/google.com
[
% curl ifconfig.me
]
# ifconfig – configure network interface parameters
% ifconfig
% ifconfig | grep en1
% ifconfig | grep en0
% ifconfig | grep inet
# ipconfig – view and control IP configuration state
# ipconfig
[
% ipconfig getifaddr en1
% ipconfig getifaddr en0
]
# scutil # Manage system configuration parameters
% scutil --get ComputerName
% scutil --dns
% scutil -r example.com
% scutil -r www.example.com
% scutil -W -r example.com
% scutil -W -r www.example.com
# dns-sd # Multicast DNS (mDNS) & DNS Service Discovery (DNS-SD) Test Tool
% dns-sd -G v4v6 example.com
% dns-sd -G v4v6 www.example.com
# dscacheutil # Gather information, statistics and initiate queries to the Directory Service cache
% dscacheutil -q host -a name example.com
% dscacheutil -q host -a name www.example.com
# dns-sd # Multicast DNS (mDNS) & DNS Service Discovery (DNS-SD) Test Tool
% dns-sd -q example.com
% dns-sd -q www.example.com
% nslookup example.com
# 23.192.228.80
[
% curl -H 'Host: example.com' http://23.192.228.80
]
% nslookup www.example.com
# 23.200.238.48
[
% curl -H 'Host: www.example.com' http://23.200.238.48
]
# host # DNS lookup utility
% host -t cname www.example.com
[
www.example.com is an alias for www.example.com-v4.edgesuite.net.
]
% host -t cname www.github.com
[
www.github.com is an alias for github.com.
]
% host -t cname www.abc.xyz
[
www.abc.xyz is an alias for www3.l.google.com.
]
% host -t cname www.aws.amazon.com
[
www.aws.amazon.com is an alias for www.cname-proxy.amazon.com.
]
% host -t cname www.azure.microsoft.com
[
www.azure.microsoft.com is an alias for acom-vanity-router-prod-glbl-01.trafficmanager.net.
]
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# open
###########################################################################################################################
% open https://www.google.com
% open -n -a "Google Chrome" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com"
% open -n -a "Microsoft Edge" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com"
% open -n -a "Firefox" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com"
% open -n -a "Opera" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com"
% open -n -a "DuckDuckGo" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com"
% open -n -a "Google Chrome" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com" -incognito
% open -n -a "Microsoft Edge" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com" -inprivate
% open -n -a "Opera" --args "--new-window" "https://google.com" -private
[
% open -n -a "Google Chrome" --args "--new-window" file:///$HOME/surefire.html
]
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# File # Folder # copy # move # rename
###########################################################################################################################
# Copy File
$ cp "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample.war" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps"
> copy "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample.war" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps"
# Copy Folder
$ cp -r "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps\SpringHibernateExample"
> xcopy "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps\SpringHibernateExample" /s /e /y /i
# Move File
$ mv "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample.war" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps"
> move "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample.war" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps"
# Move Folder
$ mv "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps\SpringHibernateExample"
> move "E:\Working\Java\Spring\Samples\Spring4MVCHibernateExample\SpringHibernateExample\target\SpringHibernateExample" "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.5\webapps\SpringHibernateExample"
# Rename File
$ mv oldfile.txt newfile.txt
# Note that a new drive or path for the destination file cannot be specified
> rename oldfile.txt newfile.txt
> ren oldfile.txt newfile.txt
# Rename Folder
$ mv oldfolder newfolder
> rename oldfolder newfolder
> ren oldfolder newfolder
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# find
###########################################################################################################################
# Default # find recursively # directories in pre-order i.e. before their contents # not a breadth-first traversal
# -depth # find recursively # directories are visited in post-order # all entries in a directory will be acted on before the directory itself # depth-first traversal
# -maxdepth 1 # current directory # at most 1 directory level
# Find files with leading and trailing whitespace
% find . -type f -depth \( -name ' *' -o -name '* .*' \)
% find . -type f \( -name ' *' -o -name '* .*' \)
# Find folders with leading and trailing whitespace
% find . -type d -depth \( -name ' *' -o -name '* ' \)
% find . -type d \( -name ' *' -o -name '* ' \)
# Remove leading whitespace from files
% find . -type f -depth -name ' *' -execdir bash -c 'f=${1#./}; mv "./$f" "./${f#"${f%%[![:space:]]*}"}"' Move {} \;
# Remove leading whitespace from folders
% find . -type d -depth -name ' *' -execdir bash -c 'f=${1#./}; mv "./$f" "./${f#"${f%%[![:space:]]*}"}"' Move {} \;
# Remove trailing whitespace from files
# NB
# Files might have multiple extensions
% find . -type f -name '* *' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); fn="${1%.*}"; fe="${1##*.}"; src="${fn}.${fe}"; tgt="${fn%"${fn##*[^[:space:]]}"}.${fe}"; \
mv "${src}" "${tgt}"' _ {} \;
# Remove trailing whitespace from folders
% find . -type d -depth -name '* ' -execdir bash -c 'mv "$1" "${1%"${1##*[^[:space:]]}"}"' Move {} \;
# File names # recursively
% find . -type f -exec basename {} \;
# Folder names # recursively
% find . -type d -exec basename {} \;
# Find and delete file named ".DS_Store"
% find . -type f -depth -iname ".DS_Store" -print
% find . -type f -depth -iname ".DS_Store" -delete
# Find and delete file named "__MACOSX"
% find . -type d -depth -iname "__MACOSX" | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
% find . -type d -depth -iname "__MACOSX" | while read d; do rm -rf "$d"; done
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Files # Remove # Replace # Characters
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Remove &
# default # find recursively # directories in pre-order i.e. before their contents # not a breadth-first traversal
% find . -type f -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//&/}"' _ {} \;
# Remove &
# -depth # find recursively # directories are visited in post-order # all entries in a directory will be acted on before the directory itself # depth-first traversal
% find . -type f -depth -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//&/}"' _ {} \;
# Remove &
# -maxdepth 1 # current directory # at most 1 directory level
% find . -type f -maxdepth 1 -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//&/}"' _ {} \;
# Remove / # Or # :
% find . -type f -name '*:*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//:/''}" ' _ {} \;
# Remove \
% find . -type f -name '*\\*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//\\/}"' _ {} \;
# Remove ?
% find . -type f -name '*?*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//\?/}"' _ {} \;
# Filename Extension
% find . -type f -name '*.*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
echo "${1##*.}" ' _ {} \;
# Filename Without Extension
% find . -type f -name '*.*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
echo "${1%.*}" ' _ {} \;
# Filename With Extension
% find . -type f -name '*.*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
echo "${1%.*}"."${1##*.}" ' _ {} \;
# Filename With Extension # &
% find . -type f -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); fn="${1%.*}"; fe="${1##*.}"; \
echo "$fn.$fe" ' _ {} \;
# Filename With Extension # Remove &
% find . -type f -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); fn="${1%.*}"; fe="${1##*.}"; \
mv "$fn.$fe" "${fn//&/}.$fe"' _ {} \;
# Filename With Extension # Remove .
% find . -type f -name '*.*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); fn="${1%.*}"; fe="${1##*.}"; src="${fn}.${fe}"; tgt=".${fn//./}.${fe}"; \
mv "${src}" "${tgt}"' _ {} \;
# Replace & [With] and
# -depth # find recursively # directories are visited in post-order # all entries in a directory will be acted on before the directory itself # depth-first traversal
% find . -type f -depth -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//&/and}"' _ {} \;
# Replace <space><space>[With] <space>
# -depth # find recursively # directories are visited in post-order # all entries in a directory will be acted on before the directory itself # depth-first traversal
% find . -type f -depth -name '* *' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1// / }"' _ {} \;
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Folders # Remove # Replace # Characters
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Remove &
# -depth # find recursively # directories are visited in post-order # all entries in a directory will be acted on before the directory itself # depth-first traversal
% find . -type d -depth -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//&/}"' _ {} \;
# Remove &
# -maxdepth 1 # current directory # at most 1 directory level
% find . -type d -maxdepth 1 -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//&/}"' _ {} \;
# Replace & [With] and
# -depth # find recursively # directories are visited in post-order # all entries in a directory will be acted on before the directory itself # depth-first traversal
% find . -type d -depth -name '*&*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//&/and}"' _ {} \;
# Replace <space><space>[With] <space>
# -depth # find recursively # directories are visited in post-order # all entries in a directory will be acted on before the directory itself # depth-first traversal
% find . -type d -depth -name '* *' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f// / }"' _ {} \;
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Rename files by replacing substring # <++> with <PP> # files # current directory
[
% mkdir -p "C++ A1/C++ A2/C++ A3"
% mkdir -p "C++ B1/C++ B2/C++ B3"
% touch "C++ TextA.txt"
% touch "C++ TextB.txt"
% touch "C++ A1/C++ TextA1.txt"
% touch "C++ B1/C++ TextB1.txt"
% touch "C++ A1/C++ A2/C++ A2.txt"
% touch "C++ B1/C++ B2/C++ B2.txt"
% touch "C++ A1/C++ A2/C++ A3/C++ A3.txt"
% touch "C++ B1/C++ B2/C++ B3/C++ B3.txt"
]
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── C++ TextA.txt
└── C++ TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
% find . -type f -maxdepth 1 -name '*++*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//++/PP}" ' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── CPP TextA.txt
└── CPP TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename files by replacing substring # <PP> with <++> # files # current directory # file extension
% find . -type f -maxdepth 1 -name '*PP*'.txt -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//PP/++}" ' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── C++ TextA.txt
└── C++ TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Or
% for i in *++*.txt; do [[ -e ${i/++/PP} ]] || mv "$i" "${i/++/PP}"; done
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── CPP TextA.txt
└── CPP TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename files and folders by replacing substring # replace <++> with <PP> # files & folders # current directory
% for i in *++*; do [[ -e ${i/++/PP} ]] || mv "$i" "${i/++/PP}"; done
% tree
[
.
├── CPP A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── CPP B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── CPP TextA.txt
└── CPP TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename folders by replacing substring # <PP> with <++> # folders # current directory
% find . -type d -maxdepth 1 -name '*PP*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "${1//PP/++}" ' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── CPP TextA.txt
└── CPP TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename files by replacing substring # <++> with <PP> # recursively
% find . -type f -depth -name '*++*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//++/PP}"' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A3
│   │   │   └── CPP A3.txt
│   │   └── CPP A2.txt
│   └── CPP TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B3
│   │   │   └── CPP B3.txt
│   │   └── CPP B2.txt
│   └── CPP TextB1.txt
├── CPP TextA.txt
└── CPP TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename files by replacing substring # <PP> with <++> # recursively # file extension
% find . -type f -depth -name '*PP*'.txt -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//PP/++}"' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── C++ TextA.txt
└── C++ TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 file
]
# Rename folders by replacing substring # <++> with <PP> # recursively
% find . -type d -depth -name '*++*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//++/PP}"' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C++ TextA.txt
├── C++ TextB.txt
├── CPP A1
│   ├── C++ TextA1.txt
│   └── CPP A2
│   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   └── CPP A3
│   └── C++ A3.txt
└── CPP B1
├── C++ TextB1.txt
└── CPP B2
├── C++ B2.txt
└── CPP B3
└── C++ B3.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename files & folders by replacing substring # <++> with <PP> # recursively
% find . -depth -name '*++*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//++/PP}"' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── CPP A1
│   ├── CPP A2
│   │   ├── CPP A2.txt
│   │   └── CPP A3
│   │   └── CPP A3.txt
│   └── CPP TextA1.txt
├── CPP B1
│   ├── CPP B2
│   │   ├── CPP B2.txt
│   │   └── CPP B3
│   │   └── CPP B3.txt
│   └── CPP TextB1.txt
├── CPP TextA.txt
└── CPP TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename by removing substring # <PP> # recursively
% find . -depth -name '*PP*' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f//PP/}"' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C A1
│   ├── C A2
│   │   ├── C A2.txt
│   │   └── C A3
│   │   └── C A3.txt
│   └── C TextA1.txt
├── C B1
│   ├── C B2
│   │   ├── C B2.txt
│   │   └── C B3
│   │   └── C B3.txt
│   └── C TextB1.txt
├── C TextA.txt
└── C TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
# Rename by replacing # <space> with substring <++> # recursively
% find . -depth -name '* *' -exec bash -c \
'f=$(basename "$1"); d=$(dirname "$1"); \
mv "$1" "$d/${f// /++ }"' _ {} \;
% tree
[
.
├── C++ A1
│   ├── C++ A2
│   │   ├── C++ A2.txt
│   │   └── C++ A3
│   │   └── C++ A3.txt
│   └── C++ TextA1.txt
├── C++ B1
│   ├── C++ B2
│   │   ├── C++ B2.txt
│   │   └── C++ B3
│   │   └── C++ B3.txt
│   └── C++ TextB1.txt
├── C++ TextA.txt
└── C++ TextB.txt
7 directories, 8 files
]
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Find files with filename extension recursively
% find . -name "*.zip" -type f -print
% find . -empty -type f | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
> dir *.zip /s /p
# Find and print empty files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type f -empty -print
% find . -empty -type f | while read f; do printf "$f\n"; done
> for /r %F in (*) do @if %~zF==0 echo "%F"
# Find and delete empty files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type f -empty -delete
% find . -empty -type f | while read f; do rm -rf "$f"; done
> for /r %F in (*) do @if %~zF==0 del "%F"
# Find and list hidden (entries starting with .) files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type f -iname ".*" -ls
> for /r %F in (.*) do @if %~zF==0 echo "%F"
# Find and delete hidden (entries starting with .) files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type f -iname ".*" -delete
> for /r %F in (.*) do @if %~zF==0 del "%F"
# Find and print empty directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type d -empty -print
> for /r /d %F in (.) do @dir /b "%F" | findstr "^" >nul || echo %~fF
# Find and delete empty directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type d -empty -delete
> for /f "delims=" %d in ('dir /s /b /ad ^| sort /r') do rd "%d"
# Find and list hidden (entries starting with .) directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type d -iname ".*" -ls
> dir ".*" /ad /b /s
# Find and delete hidden (entries starting with .) directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -mindepth 1 -type d -iname ".*" | while read d; do rm -rf "$d"; done
> for /d /r . %d in (.*) do @if exist "%d" rd /s/q "%d"
# Find and list unhidden (entries not starting with .) files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type f -not -iname ".*" -ls
# Find and delete unhidden (entries not starting with .) files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type f -not -iname ".*" -delete
# Find and list unhidden (entries not starting with .) directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -type d -not -iname ".*" -ls
# Find and delete unhidden (entries not starting with .) directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
$ find . -mindepth 1 -type d -not -iname ".*" | while read d; do rm -rf "$d"; done
# Find and print non-empty files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
$ find . -type f -not -empty -print
# while
$ find . -type f -not -empty | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
# Find and delete non-empty files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
$ find . -type f -not -empty -delete
# while
$ find . -type f -not -empty | while read f; do rm -rf "$f"; done
# Find and print empty directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
$ find . -type d -empty -print
# skipping '.'
$ find . -mindepth 1 -type d -empty -print
# Find and print non-empty directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
$ find . -type d -not -empty -print
# skipping '.'
$ find . -mindepth 1 -type d -not -empty -print
# while
$ find . -type d -not -empty | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
# skipping '.'
$ find . -mindepth 1 -type d -not -empty | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
# Find file name extensions
$ find . -name "*.zip" -type f -print
# Find and delete named files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -name "New Text Document.txt" -type f -delete
# while
$ find . -name "New Text Document.txt" -type f | while read f; do rm -rf "$f"; done
# Find and rename files (including file names with whitespace) recursively
$ find . -name "New Text Document.txt" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%.txt}s.txt"; done
# Undo
$ find . -name "New Text Documents.txt" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%s.txt}.txt"; done
# Find and delete files with named (file name extensions) recursively
% find . -name "*.zip" -type f -delete
# while
$ find . -name "*.zip" -type f | while read f; do rm -rf "$f"; done
# Find and print named directories (including those with whitespace) recursively
% find . -name "node_modules" -type d -print
# while
% find . -name "node_modules" -type d | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
% find . -name "bin" -type d | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
% find . -name "obj" -type d | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
% find . -name "_UpgradeReport_Files" -type d | while read d; do printf "$d\n"; done
# Directory names
% find . -name "node_modules" -type d -print
% find . -type d -empty -print
# Find and delete named directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
% find . -name "node_modules" -type d -delete
# find and delete named directories (including those with whitespace) recursively
% find . -name "node_modules" -type d | while read d; do rm -rf "$d"; done
# Find and rename directories (including directory names with whitespace) recursively
$ find . -name "*Download" -type d | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME}s"; done
# Undo
$ find . -name "*Downloads" -type d | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%s}"; done
% find . -depth -type d -name "C#" -execdir mv {} "CS" \;
% find . -depth -type d -name "*C#*" -execdir mv {} "CS" \;
# find and print file names and their directory (including directory names with whitespace) having specified file size recursively
% find . -size +50M -print
% find . -size +100M -print
# Find and print file names and their size, date modified, directory having specified file size recursively
% find . -size +50M -type f -exec ls -lh {} \; | while read f; do printf "$f \n"; done
% find . -size +50M -type f -exec ls -lh {} \; | awk '{ print $9 " -Size : " $5 }'
% find . -size +50M -type f -exec ls -lh {} \; | awk {'printf ("%5s\t%s\n", $5, $9)'}
% find . -size +50M -type f -exec ls -lh {} \; | awk {'printf ("%5s -PATH: %s\n", $5, $9)'}
% find . -size +50M -type f -exec ls -lh {} \; | awk {'printf ("%0s -PATH: %s\n", $5, $9)'}
# Remove whitespace in files/directories
$ find -name "*" -print0 | sort -rz | while read -d $'\0' f; do mv -v "$f" "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "${f// /}")"; done
# replace whitespace with "_" in files and directories
$ find -name "*" -print0 | sort -rz | while read -d $'\0' f; do mv -v "$f" "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "${f// /_}")"; done
# Remove whitespace in filenames recursively # include (file name extension) to avoid affecting folders with same name
$ find -name "New Text Document.txt" -print0 | sort -rz | while read -d $'\0' f; do mv -v "$f" "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "${f// /}")"; done
# replace whitespace with "_" in filenames recursively # include (file name extension) to avoid affecting folders with same name
$ find -name "New Text Document.txt" -print0 | sort -rz | while read -d $'\0' f; do mv -v "$f" "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "${f// /_}")"; done
[
# Remove whitespace # hidden # recursive # folders without whitespace
$ find . -name "New Text Document.txt" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME//[[:space:]]}"; done
$ find . -name "New Text Document.txt" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME// /}"; done
# Replace whitespace with "_" # hidden # folders without whitespace
$ find . -name "New Text Document.txt" -type f| while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME// /_}"; done
]
# Remove whitespace in folder names recursively # will affect files with same name
$ find -name "*White Space*" -print0 | sort -rz | while read -d $'\0' f; do mv -v "$f" "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "${f// /}")"; done
# Replace whitespace with "_" in folder names recursively # will affect files with same name
$ find -name "*White Space*" -print0 | sort -rz | while read -d $'\0' f; do mv -v "$f" "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "${f// /_}")"; done
[
# Remove whitespace # hidden # non-recursive folders without whitespace
$ find . -name "*White Space*" -type d | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME//[[:space:]]}"; done
$ find . -name "*White Space*" -type d | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME// /}"; done
# Replace whitespace with "_" # hidden # non-recursive folders without whitespace
$ find . -name "*White Space*" -type d | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME// /_}"; done
]
# Find and change (file name extensions) of files recursively
# .sh to .sh.txt
% find . -name "*.sh" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%.sh}.sh.txt"; done
# .sh.txt to .sh
% find . -name "*.sh.txt" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%.sh.txt}.sh"; done
# .sh to .txt
% find . -name "*.sh" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%.sh}.txt"; done
# .txt to .sh
% find . -name "*.txt" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%.txt}.sh"; done
# Find and change (file name extensions) of files recursively # uppercase to lowercase
# .PDF to .pdf
% find . -name "*.PDF" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%.PDF}.pdf"; done
# Find and change (file name extensions) of files recursively # lowercase to uppercase
# .pdf to .PDF
% find . -name "*.pdf" -type f | while read NAME; do mv "${NAME}" "${NAME%.pdf}.PDF"; done
[
# Change (file name extensions) of files in current directory (non-recursively)
$ for file in *.sh; do mv "$file" "`basename "$file" .sh`.txt"; done
$ for file in *.txt; do mv "$file" "`basename "$file" .txt`.sh"; done
$ for file in *.sh; do mv "$file" "`basename "$file" .sh`.sh.txt"; done
$ for file in *.sh.txt; do mv "$file" "`basename "$file" .sh.txt`.sh"; done
]
[
# Append ".txt" (file name extension) to file
$ find . -name "*.sh" -type f -exec mv "{}" "{}.txt" \;
]
[
# Append "s" to directory name
$ find . -name "*Download" -type d -exec mv "{}" "{}s" \;
]
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# List
###########################################################################################################################
# List files and directories excluding hidden (entries starting with .) with total (the current directory by default) # -a for all including hidden # -R for recursive
# usage: ls [-@ABCFGHILOPRSTUWabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxy1%,] [--color=when] [-D format] [file ...]
% ls
# List all files including hidden files (files with names beginning with a dot)
% ls -a
# Full listing, indicating what type files are by putting a slash after directories and a star after executable files (programs that can be run)
% ls -F
# Long listing of all files
% ls -l
% ls -1a
% ls -lh
> dir
> dir /A
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# zip # unzip # rar # p7zip # 7z # split
###########################################################################################################################
# zip with/without password, (rm) unzip # zip rar and unzip rar
# zip file
% zip "Kubernetes Secrets.pdf.zip" "Kubernetes Secrets.pdf"
# zip file with password
% zip -er "The Kubernetes Book.pdf.zip" "The Kubernetes Book.pdf"
# unzip file
% unzip "Kubernetes Secrets.pdf.zip"
# unzip password protected file # replace ...? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: r
% unzip "The Kubernetes Book.pdf.zip"
# zip folder
% zip -r Rajani.zip Rajani
# zip folder with password
% zip -er "Cloud Computing.zip" "Cloud Computing"
# unzip folder
% unzip Rajani.zip
# unzip password protected folder # replace ...? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: N
% unzip "Cloud Computing.zip"
# unzip password protected zipped file # unzip may require password (twice) % unzip "The Kubernetes Book.pdf.zip.zip" % unzip "The Kubernetes Book.pdf.zip" # [replace ...? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: r
% zip -er "The Kubernetes Book.pdf.zip.zip" "The Kubernetes Book.pdf.zip"
# unzip password protected zipped folder # unzip may require password (twice) % unzip "Cloud Computing.zip.zip" % unzip "Cloud Computing.zip" # replace ...? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: N
% zip -er "Cloud Computing.zip.zip" "Cloud Computing.zip"
# zip folders and files with password
% zip -er "Cloud Computing.zip" *
Enter password:
Verify password:
% rm -rf "Cloud Computing"
% unzip "Cloud Computing.zip"
Archive: Cloud Computing.zip
creating: Cloud Computing/
[Cloud Computing.zip] Cloud Computing/OpenShift in Action.pdf password:
# split zip/rar into zips # Target size less than source size
% zip "Cloud Computing.zip" --out "Split Cloud Computing.zip" -s 75m
% zip "Cloud Computing.rar" --out "Split Cloud Computing.zip" -s 50m
# < 50m
% zip "sampledata.archive.zip" --out "Split sampledata.archive.zip" -s 45m
# zip # unzip # p7zip # 7z
% zip
% unzip
# p7zip
% brew install p7zip
% 7z
% where 7z
% whereis 7z
% which 7z
% type 7z
% man 7z
[
# Files With Size >
% find . -depth -size +50M -print
[
% find . -depth -size +100M -print
]
% find . -depth -size +50M -type f -exec ls -lh {} \; | awk {'printf ("%0s -PATH: %s\n", $5, $9)'}
# Zip
% zip "openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz.zip" "openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz"
# Split Zip = 45 MB
% zip "openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz.zip" --out "Split openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz.zip" -s 45m
# Merge Zip # Extract Split Archive
% 7z x "Split openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz.zip"
# Size > 50 MB # Delete
% find . -depth -size +50M -delete
]
# encrypt
[
# File
% zip -er "openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz.zip" "openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz"
% unzip "openjdk-20-jextract+1-2_macos-x64_bin.tar.gz.zip"
# Folder
% zip -er "OpenJDK Jextract.zip" "OpenJDK Jextract"
% unzip "OpenJDK Jextract.zip"
]
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# tar
###########################################################################################################################
# -xf: .tar.bz2, .tar.xz
# -xvzf: tar.gz, .tar.gx, .tgz
# -xvzf # -xzvf # xzvf # xvfz # -xvzf # -xvf
# default # extract to [current] directory
# -C # extract to [existing] directory
# -x Extract
# -v, --verbose
# -z, --gunzip, --gzip
# -f --file [last option]
# tar extract # rename # recursively
# -C existing directory
% mkdir -p swift-for-wasm-wat-example && tar -xvzf swift-for-wasm-examples-main.zip -C swift-for-wasm-wat-example --strip-components 1
[
# unzip # rename # recursively
% unzip swift-for-wasm-examples-main.zip -d swift-for-wasm-wat-example
]
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# macOS
###########################################################################################################################
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Terminal
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Terminal > Settings > Profiles > Homebrew > Window
Terminal Limit number of restored rows to: 999,999,999,999,999,999
# Terminal # Rosetta
% arch
% arch -x86_64 zsh
% arch
% arch -arm64 zsh
% arch
# Or
Macintosh HD/Applications/Utilities/Terminal.app
Get Info
Check/Uncheck Open using Rosetta
Restart the computer
# ProductName # ProductVersion # BuildVersion
% sw_vers
% sw_vers -productName
% sw_vers -productVersion
% sw_vers -buildVersion
# sw_vers # Listen
% say $(sw_vers)
% say $(sw_vers -productName && sw_vers -productVersion | sed 's/10//')
% say $(sw_vers -productName && sw_vers -productVersion)
# macOS name
% awk '/SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR macOS/' '/System/Library/CoreServices/Setup Assistant.app/Contents/Resources/en.lproj/OSXSoftwareLicense.rtf' | awk -F 'macOS ' '{print $NF}' | awk '{print substr($0, 0, length($0)-1)}'
# Hardware and Software Configuration
% system_profiler
% system_profiler | less
% system_profiler SPSoftwareDataType
# SystemVersion.plist file
% cat /System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist
# .SystemVersionPlatform.plist file
% cat /System/Library/CoreServices/.SystemVersionPlatform.plist
# IOPlatformSerialNumber
% ioreg -l | grep IOPlatformSerialNumber
[
| "IOPlatformSerialNumber" = "LPQ7CH2PWY"
]
# Software Update Tool
% softwareupdate --list
# Manage system configuration parameters
% scutil --dns
% scutil --proxy
% scutil --nc list
# sysctl – get or set kernel state
% man sysctl
% sysctl -a
# screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
% screen
[Press Space or Return to end]
# nohup – invoke a utility immune to hangups
% nohup sleep 10 && echo Hola!
% ls
% cat nohup.out
% rm -rf nohup.out
# Hide item from GUI
% mkdir -p folder
% echo 'Hello, World!' > file.txt
% chflags hidden folder
% chflags hidden file.txt
% chflags hidden *
# Unhide item from GUI
% chflags nohidden folder
% chflags nohidden file.txt
% chflags nohidden *
To prevent startup when opening the lid or connecting to power:
% sudo nvram BootPreference=%00
To prevent startup only when opening the lid:
% sudo nvram BootPreference=%01
To prevent startup only when connecting to power:
% sudo nvram BootPreference=%02
# Launchpad Application Alias
% ls $HOME/Applications
# To view the DNS configuration used by this system, use: scutil
% sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf
[
#
# macOS Notice
#
# This file is not consulted for DNS hostname resolution, address
# resolution, or the DNS query routing mechanism used by most
# processes on this system.
#
# To view the DNS configuration used by this system, use:
# scutil --dns
#
# SEE ALSO
# dns-sd(1), scutil(8)
#
# This file is automatically generated.
#
nameserver 2401:4900:7b89:87fb::50
nameserver 192.168.5.147
]
# Kindle
% ls $HOME/Library/Containers/com.amazon.Lassen/Data/Library/eBooks
# youtube-dl # Download # Playlist # mp4
% youtube-dl "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zenG90idAA&list=PLdeR_B79JGkxlQfx6v_899TTRQZx2pbr9&ab_channel=Alluxio"
# Path/Folder/File
% youtube-dl -o "$HOME/Downloads/Apache/Spark.mp4" "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZ7EHLdrVo0&ab_channel=IBMTechnology"
# System Policy
% spctl
% sudo spctl --master-disable
% sudo spctl --master-enable
% ls /System
% ls /Library
% ls ~/Library
% ls /Users
% ls /System/Library/CoreServices
% ls /Applications
% ls ~/Applications
% ls /System/Library/CoreServices
% ls /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app
% open /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app
% say "Rajani"
% say -v Bells "dong dong dong"
% say -v \?
% say -v Good News Truth alone triumphs!
% afplay /System/Library/Sounds/Ping.aiff
% afplay /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/ScreenReader.framework/Versions/A/Resources/Sounds/AnimationFlyToDownloads.aiff
% say -v '?' | awk '{print $1}' | while read voice; do printf "using $voice...\n"; say -v $voice "hello, this is me using the $voice voice"; sleep 1; done
% ls /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/ScreenReader.framework/Versions/A/Resources/Sounds/ | awk '{print $1}' | while read sound; do printf "using $voice...\n"; afplay /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/ScreenReader.framework/Versions/A/Resources/Sounds/$sound; sleep 0.5; done
% tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33 && tput bel && sleep 0.33
% echo "\x07"
% echo -e "\a"
% printf "\a"
% tput bel
% osascript -e 'beep'
% osascript -e 'tell application "System Events" to beep'
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Keyboard
***************************************************************************************************************************
# Top row of keys to work as standard function keys without holding the Fn key
Choose Apple menu > System Settings
Click Keyboard in the sidebar
Click the Keyboard Shortcuts button on the right
Click Function Keys in the sidebar
Turn on "Use F1, F2, etc. keys as standard function keys"
# Spotlight Search
command + space bar
# Hidden Files and Folders
command + shift + .
# Multiple Item Info # Get Summary Info
Select item(s)
control + command + i
# Folder View Options
command + J
# Or
Finder > View > Show View Options
# Show Library Folder
<command + shift + .>
$HOME/Library
<command + J>
Show Library Folder
# Shoe scroll bars
# Apple > System Settings... > Appearance
# Create folder on a location
shift + command + N
# Zoom
command + option + =
command + option + -
command + option + 8
# Magnify
command + shift + +
command + shift + -
# Screenshot
shit + command + 3
# Screen Capture
command + shift + 5
# Screen Capture Selected Portion
command + shift + 4
# Screen Capture Entire Screen
command + shift + 3
# Go to Folder
Finder > Go > Go to Folder
# Type
/Library/Image Capture/Devices
<return>
# Go to Enclosing Folder
Finder > Go > Enclosing Folder
command + up arrow
command + down arrow
# Copy and Paste
command + C
command + V
# Cut and Paste
command + C
command + option + V
# Backspace
fn + delete
# Rename File or Folder
select file or folder
<return>
# Terminal Navigation
# Navigate thru the line
command + option + left arrow
command + option + right arrow
# Remove previous command
command + L
# Remove all previous command(s)
command + K
# Move the cursor to to beginning of the line
control + A
# Move the cursor to to end of the line
control + E
# Delete the line
control + U
# Re-enter the line
control + Y
# Minimize All
command + H + M
# Close all windows of an app
option + command + W
# Force quit app(s)
option + command + esc
# Vertical Selection: Mouse + option
Kilobytes (KB)
Megabytes (MB)
Gigabytes (GB)
Terabytes (TB)
Petabytes (PB)
Exabytes (EB)
Zettabytes (ZB)
Yottabytes (YB)
# Copy Image To PDF
1. Image
Open the image using the Preview app
Select All
<command + C>
<command + V>
Drag the copied image within the image
<command + X>
2. PDF
Paste the image on the PDF <command + V>
Save and close the PDF
Open the PDF with the browser
Click the printer icon to save as PDF
***************************************************************************************************************************
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# grep
###########################################################################################################################
# find filenames with exact string - [Custom] - not case-sensitive
$ grep -r -i -w '^[Custom]$'
# find filenames with string - [Custom] - case-sensitive
$ grep -r -w '^[custom]$'
# findstr
# find filenames with exact string - [Custom] - not case-sensitive
> findstr /m /s /i /c:"[Custom]" *
# find filenames with string - [Custom] - case-sensitive
> findstr /m /s /c:"[Custom]" *
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# openssl
###########################################################################################################################
===========================================================================================================================
% openssl --version
% whereis openssl
% type openssl
% man openss
===========================================================================================================================
# tls.sh # % sudo chmod +x ./tls.sh # % ./tls.sh
===========================================================================================================================
#!/usr/bin/env zsh
export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
export LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
# Common variables
COUNTRY_OR_REGION="AU"
STATE_OR_PROVINCE="Some-State"
LOCALITY="city"
ORGANIZATION_NAME="Internet Widgits Pty Ltd"
ORGANIZATIONAL_UNIT_NAME="section"
COMMON_NAME_CA="CA.FQDN"
COMMON_NAME_SERVER="Server.FQDN"
COMMON_NAME_CLIENT="Client.FQDN"
EMAIL_ADDRESS_CA="[email protected]"
EMAIL_ADDRESS_SERVER="[email protected]"
EMAIL_ADDRESS_CLIENT="[email protected]"
setopt no_nomatch
rm -rf *.crt *.csr *.key *.pem *.srl
setopt nomatch
# CA # "SHA256" is now the default digest for TS query used by openssl ts
openssl req -x509 -days 3650 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout ca.key -nodes -out ca.crt -subj "/C=${COUNTRY_OR_REGION}/ST=${STATE_OR_PROVINCE}/L=${LOCALITY}/O=${ORGANIZATION_NAME}/OU=${ORGANIZATIONAL_UNIT_NAME}/CN=${COMMON_NAME_CA}/emailAddress=${EMAIL_ADDRESS_CA}" -quiet
cat ca.crt ca.key > ca.pem
echo Server
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout server.key -out server.csr -nodes -subj "/C=${COUNTRY_OR_REGION}/ST=${STATE_OR_PROVINCE}/L=${LOCALITY}/O=${ORGANIZATION_NAME}/OU=${ORGANIZATIONAL_UNIT_NAME}/CN==${COMMON_NAME_SERVER}/emailAddress=${EMAIL_ADDRESS_SERVER}" -quiet
openssl x509 -req -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -in server.csr -out server.crt -days 365 -CAcreateserial
cat server.crt ca.crt > server.pem
echo Client
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -keyout client.key -out client.csr -quiet -subj "/C=${COUNTRY_OR_REGION}/ST=${STATE_OR_PROVINCE}/L=${LOCALITY}/O=${ORGANIZATION_NAME}/OU=${ORGANIZATIONAL_UNIT_NAME}/CN=${COMMON_NAME_CLIENT}/emailAddress=${EMAIL_ADDRESS_CLIENT}"
openssl x509 -req -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -in client.csr -out client.crt -days 365 -CAcreateserial
openssl x509 -text -noout -in ca.crt
===========================================================================================================================
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# Git Bash # cmd
###########################################################################################################################
# Git Bash rows: 2,888,888,888
# zip
# cd "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\wget\Windows binaries of GNU Wget\64-bit"
zip "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\wget\Windows binaries of GNU Wget\64-bit\wget-1.19.1-win64.zip" "wget-1.19.1-win64\*.*"
# unzip
unzip archive.zip
[
mkdir -p "C:\Wget"
]
unzip "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\wget\Windows binaries of GNU Wget\64-bit\wget-1.19.1-win64.zip" -d "C:\Wget"
unzip "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\Ruby\Ruby Gems Rails Installation\RubyGems\RubyGems-2.6.12\ZIP\rubygems-2.6.12.zip" -d "C:"
unzip "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\Maven\Apache-Maven-3.5.0\apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.zip" -d "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation"
unzip "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\SQLite\Binaries\sqlite-tools-win32-x86-3180000.zip" -d "C:\SQLite"
# unzip # only contents without the containing folder
unzip -j "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\SQLite\Binaries\sqlite-tools-win32-x86-3180000.zip" -d "C:\SQLite"
# unzip # rename # recursive
% unzip swift-for-wasm-examples-main.zip -d swift-for-wasm-wat-example && mv swift-for-wasm-wat-example/swift-for-wasm-examples-main/* $(pwd)/swift-for-wasm-wat-example
# rar [RAR, ZIP, 7-Zip, ACE, ARJ, BZ2, CAB, GZip, ISO, JAR, LZH, TAR, UUE, XZ, Z, 001]
control.exe sysdm.cpl,System,3
System Variable
Variable name:
Path
Variable value:
;C:\Program Files\WinRAR
cd "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\wget\Windows binaries of GNU Wget\64-bit"
rar a "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\wget\Windows binaries of GNU Wget\64-bit\wget-1.19.1-win64.rar" "wget-1.19.1-win64\*.*"
# unrar
mkdir -p "C:\Wget"
unrar e "C:\Users\Aspire\Downloads\wget\Windows binaries of GNU Wget\64-bit\wget-1.19.1-win64.rar" "C:\Wget"
# > To $
> start "" "C:\Users\rajanis\AppData\Local\Programs\Git\git-bash.exe" -c "command dotnet --version && /usr/bin/bash"
# $ To $
"C:\Users\rajanis\AppData\Local\Programs\Git\git-bash.exe" -c "command dotnet --version && /usr/bin/bash"
# > To >
> start "Command Prompt: dotnet version" "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /k "dotnet --version"
> start "" "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" /k "dotnet --version"
> start "Command Prompt: dotnet version" cmd /k "dotnet --version"
> start cmd /k "dotnet --version"
# $ To >
$ cmd
> start cmd /k "dotnet --version"
$ sleep 10
> timeout 10
> pause
###########################################################################################################################
# Kill PID # http://localhost:8080/
$ netstat -ano | findstr :8080
[
TCP 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 17740
TCP [::]:8080 [::]:0 LISTENING 17740
]
> netstat -ano | findstr :8080
[
TCP 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 17740
TCP [::]:8080 [::]:0 LISTENING 17740
]
$ taskkill -PID 17740 -F
# SUCCESS: The process with PID 17740 has been terminated.
> taskkill /PID 17740 /F
# SUCCESS: The process with PID 17740 has been terminated.
# ps
$ ps ef
[
PID PPID PGID WINPID TTY UID STIME COMMAND
]
$ ps -ef
[
UID PID PPID TTY STIME COMMAND
]
$ ps aux
[
PID PPID PGID WINPID TTY UID STIME COMMAND
]
$ ps
[
PID PPID PGID WINPID TTY UID STIME COMMAND
]
$ tasklist
> tasklist
[
Image Name PID Session Name Session# Mem Usage
]
###########################################################################################################################
# CertUtil
###########################################################################################################################
[
https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-jre8-downloads.html
https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-jre8-downloads.html#license-lightbox
https://www.oracle.com/webfolder/s/digest/8u261checksum.html
jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz
sha256: edd4a4568582ff50fb9d575169f5a3ceab26e80f6ecb7b04d133fff061881a8f
md5: 0c4f43e28ce3d0afbe9c7d9d693b3883
]
$ CertUtil -hashfile "C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz" MD5
MD5 hash of C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz:
0c4f43e28ce3d0afbe9c7d9d693b3883
CertUtil: -hashfile command completed successfully.
$ CertUtil -hashfile "C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz" sha256
SHA256 hash of C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz:
edd4a4568582ff50fb9d575169f5a3ceab26e80f6ecb7b04d133fff061881a8f
CertUtil: -hashfile command completed successfully.
> CertUtil -hashfile "C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz" MD5
MD5 hash of C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz:
0c4f43e28ce3d0afbe9c7d9d693b3883
CertUtil: -hashfile command completed successfully.
> CertUtil -hashfile "C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz" sha256
SHA256 hash of C:\Users\rajanis\Downloads\Java\JRE\jre-8u261-windows-x64.tar.gz:
edd4a4568582ff50fb9d575169f5a3ceab26e80f6ecb7b04d133fff061881a8f
CertUtil: -hashfile command completed successfully.
###########################################################################################################################
# PowerShell
###########################################################################################################################
[
% pwsh
$ winpty powershell
> powershell
]
PS> $host
PS> $host.Version
PS> $PSVersionTable
PS> Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))
# PS> cd
PS> dir | Unblock-File
PS> dir –Recurse | Unblock-File
PS> dir "D:\Tech2021\JavaScript" –Recurse | Unblock-File
PS> Get-ChildItem -Path "D:\Tech2021\JavaScript" -Recurse | Unblock-File
PS> gci -Path "D:\Tech2021\JavaScript" -Recurse | Unblock-File
PS> exit
PS> Invoke-Expression (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://get.scoop.sh')
# Or
PS> iwr -useb get.scoop.sh | iex
# NB
# PS> Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -scope CurrentUser
PS> exit
###########################################################################################################################
###########################################################################################################################
# Windows # Run # cmd
###########################################################################################################################
# Console Windows Properties
Options
Buffer Size 999
Number of Buffers 999
Edit Options
[Checked] QuickEdit Mode
[Checked] Insert Mode
# Font
16
# Layout
Screen Buffer Size
Width 9999 ([Uncheck] Wrap text output or resize)
Height 9999
Window Size
Width 160
Height 30
[Checked] Let system position window
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Control panel tool Command
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Accessibility Options control access.cpl
Add New Hardware control sysdm.cpl add new hardware
Add/Remove Programs control appwiz.cpl
Date/Time Properties control timedate.cpl
Display Properties control desk.cpl
FindFast control findfast.cpl
Fonts Folder control fonts
Internet Properties control inetcpl.cpl
Joystick Properties control joy.cpl
Keyboard Properties control main.cpl keyboard
Microsoft Exchange control mlcfg32.cpl
(or Windows Messaging)
Microsoft Mail Post Office control wgpocpl.cpl
Modem Properties control modem.cpl
Mouse Properties control main.cpl
Multimedia Properties control mmsys.cpl
Network Properties control netcpl.cpl
NOTE: In Windows NT 4.0, Network
properties is Ncpa.cpl, not Netcpl.cpl
Password Properties control password.cpl
PC Card control main.cpl pc card (PCMCIA)
Power Management (Windows 95) control main.cpl power
Power Management (Windows 98) control powercfg.cpl
Printers Folder control printers
Regional Settings control intl.cpl
Scanners and Cameras control sticpl.cpl
Sound Properties control mmsys.cpl sounds
System Properties control sysdm.cpl
-----------------------------------------------------------------
# Command Prompt
cmd
# About Windows
winver
# Local Disk
\
# Current User Folde
.
# Users Folder
..
# Ease of Access Center
utilman
# Or
control access.cpl
# Add Hardware
hdwwiz
# Get Programs
control appwiz.cpl,,1
# Windows Features
control appwiz.cpl,,2
# Set Program Access and Computer Defaults
control appwiz.cpl,,3
# User Accounts
netplwiz
# Authorization Manager
azman.msc
# Windows Update
control wuaucpl.cpl
# Bluetooth Transfer
fsquirt
# certmgr [Certificates Current User]
certmgr.msc
# Character Map
charmap
# Check Disk Utility (cmd)
chkdsk
# ClearType Text Tuner
cttune
# Color Management
colorcpl
# Component Services
dcomcnfg
or
comexp.msc
# Computer Management
compmgmt.msc
# Control Panel
control
# Stored User Names and Pasworss
credwiz
# Performance Actions
SystemPropertiesDataExecutionPrevention
# Device Manager
devmgmt.msc
# Add a device
DevicePairingWizard
# Digitizer Calibration Tool
tabcal
# DirectX Diagnostic Troubleshooter
dxdiag
# Disk Cleanup
cleanmgr
# Optimize Drives
dfrgui
# Microsoft Drive Optimizer (cmd)
defrag
# Disk Management
diskmgmt.msc
# DiskPart (cmd)
diskpart
# Display Color Calibration
dccw
# Display
dpiscaling
# Personalization
control desktop
# Color and Appearance
control color
# Driver Verifier Manager
verifier
# Windows Media Player
dvdplay
# Environment Variables
rundll32 sysdm.cpl,EditEnvironmentVariables
# System Properties -> Advanced -> Environment Variables
control sysdm.cpl,System,3
# Encrypting File System (Only for Supported Windows Version)
Rekeywiz
# Event Viewer
eventvwr.msc
# File Signature Verification
sigverif
# Windows Easy Transfer
%systemroot%\system32\migwiz\migwiz
# Windows Firewall
firewall.cpl
# Windows Firewall with Advanced Security
wf.msc
# Folders Options
control folders
# Arial (OpenType)
fontview arial.ttf
# IP Configuration (cmd)
ipconfig
# Microsoft iSCSI
iscsicpl
# Keyboard Properties
control keyboard
# Install or uninstall display languages
lpksetup
# lusrmgr [Users and Groups (Local)]
lusrmgr.msc
# Microsoft Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool
mrt
# Console [Console Root]
mmc
# Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool
msdt
# Mouse Properties
control mouse
or
main.cpl
# Network Connections
control netconnections
or
ncpa.cpl
# Project to a Connected Screen
displayswitch
# ODBC Data Source Administrator (32-bit)
odbcad32
# ODBCConf Usage
odbcconf
# On Screen Keyboard
osk
# Forgotten Password Wizard
rundll32 keymgr.dll,PRShowSaveWizardExW
# Pen and Touch
tabletpc.cpl
# Performance Monitor
perfmon.msc
# Phone and Modem
telephon.cpl
# Phone Dialer
dialer
# Power Options
powercfg.cpl
# Power Options (cmd)
powercfg /?
# Steps Recorder
psr
# Set Program Access and Computer Defaults
computerdefaults
# Printer User Interface
printui
# Private Character Editor
eudcedit
# Registry Editor
regedit
# Windows Remote Assistance
msra
# Resource Monitor
resmon
# Task Scheduler
control schedtasks
# Action Center
wscui.cpl
# Services
services.msc
# Create A Shared Folder Wizard
shrpubw
# Shared Folders
fsmgmt.msc
# Enter a product key
slui
# Sound Recorder
soundrecorder
# Sound Volume
sndvol
# Sync Center
mobsync
# System Configuration
msconfig
# Microsoft Windows Resource Checker
sfc
# System Information
msinfo32
# System Properties
sysdm.cpl SystemProperties
# Or
sysdm.cpl DisplaySYSDMCPL
# Performance Optiopns
SystemPropertiesPerformance
# System Properties Hardware
SystemPropertiesHardware
# System Properties Advanced
SystemPropertiesAdvanced
# Task Manager
taskmgr
# Task Scheduler
taskschd.msc
# Manage the TPM security hardware
tpmInit
# User Accounts
control userpasswords2
# User Account Control Settings
UserAccountControlSettings
# User Profiles
rundll32 sysdm.cpl,EditUserProfiles
# Windows Disc Image Burning Tool
[
isoburn <path>\file.iso
]
# Windows Explorer
explorer
# Windows Features
optionalfeatures
# Scanner
wiaacmgr
# Windows Magnifier
magnify
# wmimgmt [Control Root\WMI Control (Local)]]
wmimgmt.msc
# Windows Memory Diagnostic
mdsched
# Windows Mobility Center
mblctr
# Windows PowerShell
powershell
# Windows PowerShell ISE
powershell_ise
# Securing the Windows Account Database
syskey
# Windows Update
wuapp
# Windows Update Standalone Installer
wusa
# Snipping Tool
snippingtool
# Calculator
calc
# Paint
mspaint
# Word
winword
# Excel
excel
# Powerpoint
powerpnt
# Access
msaccess
# Remote Desktop Connection
mstsc
# System Restore
rstrui
# System Info
systeminfo
# Shut down
shutdown
# Or
shutdown -s
# Restart
shutdown -r
# Logoff
shutdown -l
# Number of seconds to wait till
shutdown <-s/-r> -t <number>
# Dialog box to select [Restart/Shutdown/Annotate Unexpected Shutdown] from dropdown box or Cancel
shutdown -i
# Abort any previous shutdown command
shutdown -a
# Hibernate
shutdown -h
# Force the selected action
shutdown <-s/-r-l> -f
%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\
C:\Users\Rajani\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows
%Temp%
C:\Users\Rajani\AppData\Local\Temp
%systemroot%\System32\
C:\WINDOWS\System32
###########################################################################################################################
// Credits
/*
https://zsh.sourceforge.io/
https://gnu.org/software/bash/
https://microsoft.com/powershell/
https://microsoft.com/windows-server/
https://curl.se/
https://gnu.org/software/wget/
*/
Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub. Already have an account? Sign in to comment