zig language ( Basically a c like language )

Zig is a general-purpose programming language and toolchain for maintaining robust, optimal, and reusable software.

The languages used in make bun which is faster than node and deno

Basic points

import are declared with @import("<name>") function to a variable
functions

<access> fn <name>(<args>) <return type> {
    <body>;
}

seperated by ;
main function should be a public
zig is explicitly typed -> more control
there is standard library like all other languages for thing like printing and I/O

using `std` lib for a hello

const std = @import("std");

pub fn main() void {
    std.debug.print("Hello", .{});
    //                        ^^
    //                        debug.print takes two arguments
}

variables

Basically to types:

var which is mutable variable
const which is immutable after assigning

<type> <var_name> [: <data_type>] = <value>

as of <data_type> there are total ~34 primitive dypes

signed (int, float [8,16,32,64])
unsigned
pointer (usize, isize)
C ABI compatible types [shor, long, int, uint, ulog, longlong, ulonglong, longdouble]

examples

// string
const name = "saicharan";

// int ( u8 )
const age: u8 = 18;

// arrays ( u16 )
const arr: [3]u8 = [3]u32{1,3,4};
var arr2 = [_]u8{1,2,4};

printing those

const std = @import("std");

pub fn main() void {
    const name = "saicharan";
    const age: u8 = 18;

    std.debug.print("My name is {s}, and iam {u8} old", .{name, age});
    //                           ^             ^
    //                         string          u8
    //                        specifier     specifier
}

unused variable result in compilation error

logical statements and loops

they are same mostly ( just like other languages )

Logical
- if
- else
Loops
- while
- for

Logical

const std = @import("std");

pub fn main() void {
    var num: u8 = 1;

    // normal if-else
    if ( num == 1 ) {
        num+= 1;
    }
    else {
        num-= 1;
    }

    const res = if (num == 2) "its 2 broo" else "what ?";
    //          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
    //                      (in line if-else)

    std.debug.print("==|> {s}", .{res});
}

loops

loops are a little different than other languages, both while and for have extra features

while

const std = @import("std");

pub fn main() void {
    var num: u16 = 1;

    // normal while loop
    while (num != 10) {
        num += 1;
        std.debug.print("-> N: {},\r\n", .{num});
    }

    // extra feture
    while (num != 20): (num+=1) {
        std.debug.print("-> N: {},\r\n", .{num});
    }

    // also in one line :)
    while (num != 30): (num += 2) std.debug.print("-> N: {},\r\n", .{num});
}

for

const std = @import("std");

pub fn main() void {
    const num_arr = [_]u8{1,2,3,4,5,5,6};

    for (num_arr) |num, index| {
        std.debug.print("{}->{}\n", .{index, num});
    }
}

SaicharanKandukuri/zig_quick_notes.md

zig language ( Basically a c like language )

Basic points

using std lib for a hello

variables

examples

logical statements and loops

Logical

loops

while

for

using `std` lib for a hello