Generic solution for `@dataclass` validation in Python with custom setters

validate_dataclass.py

from dataclasses import dataclass


class Validations:
    def __setattr__(self, prop, val):
        if (validator := getattr(self, f"validate_{prop}", None)):
            object.__setattr__(self, prop, validator(val) or val)
        else:
            super().__setattr__(prop, val)


@dataclass
class Person(Validations):
    name: str
    age: int
    gender: str = "FEMALE"

    def validate_gender(self, value) -> str:
        if value.lower() not in ["male", "female"]:
          raise ValueError("gender must be MALE or FEMALE")
        return value.upper()

    def validate_age(self, value):
        if value < 1 or value > 100:
          raise ValueError("age must be between 1 and 100")